Historical movements & their consequences

Fifty chronological historical topics, each linked to an expanded account and a separate examination of political authority, laws, decisions, and consequences.

Chronological articles

  1. Alexander the Great: Conquest & Empire 336 BCE · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  2. Julius Caesar: Rome, Wealth & Expansion 49 BCE · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  3. Rome: Prosperity, Plunder & Imperial Decline 27 BCE · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  4. The Crusades: Faith, Territory & Wealth 1096 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  5. Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests 1206 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  6. Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy 1215 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  7. Ottoman Expansion, Administration & Decline 1299 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Magna Carta and inherited limits on monarchy2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  8. European Overseas Empires & Extraction 1492 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Colonial representative assemblies2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  9. Colonial representative assemblies 1619 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The English Commonwealth and military republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  10. The English Commonwealth and military republicanism 1649 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Colonial representative assemblies2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  11. Religious liberty in Rhode Island 1688 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The English Commonwealth and military republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  12. Pennsylvania and the Quaker experiment 1754 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  13. The Great Awakening and public argument 1765 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  14. The Albany Plan and intercolonial cooperation 1770 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  15. The Stamp Act resistance 1774 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  16. Committees of correspondence 1776 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  17. American independence and constitutional republicanism 1776 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Committees of correspondence2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  18. The Declaration of Independence 1777 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  19. Revolutionary military leadership 1781 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: American independence and constitutional republicanism2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  20. Diplomacy and the French alliance 1783 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The French Revolution and competing republics2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  21. The Articles of Confederation 1786 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The French Revolution and competing republics2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  22. The Northwest Ordinance 1787 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The French Revolution and competing republics2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  23. The Constitutional Convention 1788 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The French Revolution and competing republics2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  24. Ratification and the Federalist debate 1789 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The French Revolution and competing republics2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  25. The French Revolution and competing republics 1789 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Ratification and the Federalist debate2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  26. The Bill of Rights 1791 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The Haitian Revolution and the abolition of slavery2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  27. The Haitian Revolution and the abolition of slavery 1791 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: The Bill of Rights2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  28. A peaceful transfer of party power 1803 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The Haitian Revolution and the abolition of slavery2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  29. The revolutions of 1848 and the limits of reform 1848 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Abolition and the Civil War amendments2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  30. Abolition and the Civil War amendments 1861 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The Paris Commune and revolutionary municipal government2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  31. Women’s suffrage and the Nineteenth Amendment 1865 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: The Paris Commune and revolutionary municipal government2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  32. The Paris Commune and revolutionary municipal government 1871 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Women’s suffrage and the Nineteenth Amendment2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  33. World War I: Empires & Rupture 1914 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: The Russian revolutions and Bolshevik one-party rule2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  34. The Russian revolutions and Bolshevik one-party rule 1917 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: World War I: Empires & Rupture2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  35. Italian fascism under Benito Mussolini 1922 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: World War I: Empires & Rupture2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  36. Nazism, racial dictatorship and aggressive war 1933 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: World War II: Occupation & Reconstruction2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  37. Stalinist terror and command-state repression 1936 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: World War II: Occupation & Reconstruction2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  38. World War II: Occupation & Reconstruction 1939 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Stalinist terror and command-state repression2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  39. Cold War: Proxy Wars & Global Influence 1947 · Wider historical contextFurther historical exploration: Indian independence, partition and competing national visions2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  40. Indian independence, partition and competing national visions 1947 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Cold War: Proxy Wars & Global Influence2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  41. The Chinese Communist victory and Mao-era campaigns 1949 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Cold War: Proxy Wars & Global Influence2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  42. The Cuban Revolution and one-party socialism 1959 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  43. Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship 1964 · Constitutional governmentFurther historical exploration: Indonesia’s anti-communist mass killings2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  44. Indonesia’s anti-communist mass killings 1965 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  45. The Khmer Rouge and revolutionary Cambodia 1975 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  46. Iran’s revolution and the Islamic Republic 1979 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  47. Poland’s Solidarity movement and negotiated transition 1980 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  48. The dissolution of the Soviet Union 1991 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  49. Transnational jihadist violence and the post-2001 wars 2001 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects
  50. The Arab uprisings and divergent political outcomes 2010 · Political movements & consequencesFurther historical exploration: Civil rights and enforceable equal citizenship2. Historical development — evidence, chronology & consequences3. Decisions & authorities — people, institutions & effects