Fascism, Socialism, Communism & Constitutional Republics
Twenty historical comparisons of political authority, public rights, economic arrangements, conflicts and relations between states.
Historical framework
Explore the concepts, historical developments, and institutions behind the twenty comparisons.
- Political labels and historical definitions (1789–present)
- The French Revolution and republican rule (1789–1799)
- Marxism and nineteenth-century labor movements (1848–1914)
- The Russian Revolution and one-party rule (1917–1924)
- Italian fascism takes power (1919–1943)
- Stalinism and forced transformation (1928–1953)
- Nazism, dictatorship and genocide (1933–1945)
- Spain’s civil war and Franco dictatorship (1936–1975)
- The United States constitutional system (1787–present)
- Wartime alliances across ideologies (1939–1945)
- Soviet control in Eastern Europe (1945–1989)
- China’s revolution and Maoist campaigns (1949–1976)
- Korea: invasion and armistice (1950–present)
- Cuba and revolutionary state power (1959–present)
- Vietnam and wars of reunification (1945–1975)
- Yugoslavia and nonalignment (1945–1990s)
- Democratic socialism and electoral competition (1945–present)
- The Cold War ends and republics re-emerge (1989–1991)
- Contemporary authoritarianism and cross-border threats (1991–2026)
- Comparing rights, economies and foreign policy (1917–2026)